Pediculosis (Lice)

Introduction
Lice are external parasites that live on the fur and skin of animals. These small, wingless insects feed on either skin or blood, depending on the type of lice. The most common types of lice in pets are:

• Chewing lice (Mallophaga): Feed on skin cells and hair, primarily affecting dogs.
• Sucking lice (Anoplura): Feed on blood and are more common in cats.

It is important to note that lice are species-specific, meaning lice from pets do not infest humans and vice versa.

Causes
Lice infestations in dogs and cats typically occur through direct contact with infected animals, as lice do not survive long off their host. Infested environments, such as contaminated bedding, blankets, or grooming tools, can also be sources of transmission, especially in overcrowded or unhygienic conditions. Pets that do not receive regular care are at a higher risk of infestation.

Symptoms
Pediculosis presents with itching and skin irritation, prompting animals to scratch, rub, or bite themselves. Common signs include:

• A rough or unhealthy coat appearance.
• Severe infestations of sucking lice: Can cause anemia.
• Severe infestations of chewing lice in dogs: Rarely lead to anemia.
• Constant irritation and skin bites may result in restlessness, and wounds caused by lice feeding or the pet’s scratching may become infected.